|
svara
Vowels
|
hrasva
Short
|
dīrgha
Long
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
kaṇṭhya
Velar
|
अ a |
आ ā |
|
|
tālavya
Palatal
|
इ i |
ई ī |
|
|
oṣṭhya
Labial
|
उ u |
ऊ ū |
|
|
mūrdhanya
Retroflex
|
ऋ ṛ |
ॠ ṝ |
|
|
dantya
Dental
|
ऌ ḷ |
||
|
kaṇṭhatālavya
Palato-Velar
|
ए e |
ऐ ai |
|
|
kaṇṭhoṣṭhya
Labio-Velar
|
ओ o |
औ au |
|
|
vyañjana
Consonants
|
sparśa
Stop
|
anunāsika
Nasal
|
antastha
Semivowel
|
ūṣman
Sibilant
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
aghoṣa
Unvoiced
|
ghoṣa
Voiced
|
aghoṣa
Unvoiced
|
ghoṣa
Voiced
|
|||||
|
alpaprāṇa
Unaspirated
|
mahāprāṇa
Aspirated
|
alpaprāṇa
Unaspirated
|
mahāprāṇa
Aspirated
|
alpaprāṇa
Unaspirated
|
mahāprāṇa
Aspirated
|
|||
|
kaṇṭhya
Velar
|
क ka |
ख kha |
ग ga |
घ gha |
ङ ṅa |
ह ha |
||
|
tālavya
Palatal
|
च ca |
छ cha |
ज ja |
झ jha |
ञ ña |
य ya |
श śa |
|
|
mūrdhanya
Retroflex
|
ट ṭa |
ठ ṭha |
ड ḍa |
ढ ḍha |
ण ṇa |
र ra |
ष ṣa |
|
|
dantya
Dental
|
त ta |
थ tha |
द da |
ध dha |
न na |
ल la |
स sa |
|
|
oṣṭhya
Labial
|
प pa |
फ pha |
ब ba |
भ bha |
म ma |
व va |
||